Furnace wall structure



Nov. 3, 1936. A. s. BARKER 2,059,766

FURNACE WALL STRUCTURE Filed June 20, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORATTORNEY Nov. 3, 1936. A. s. BARKER FURNACE WALL STRUCTURE 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 20, 1933 INVENTOCI ,WW L

ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 3, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FURNACE WALLSTRUCTURE Andrew S. Barker, Palmyra, N. J.

Application June 20, 1933, Serial No. 676,719

7 Claims.

My invention relates to furnace wall structure and more particularly tolining structure for a combustion furnace and still more particularly toremovable block structure for use in 5 connection with furnace linings,walls, suspended arches and the like.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple structure facilitatingthe application of blocks to water tubes or other rigid members and theready removal thereof.

The full nature of my invention will be apparent from a consideration ofthe following specification considered in conjunction with the Maccompanying drawings forming a part of this 15 "specification.

With reference to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a general view in vertical cross section of a combustionchamber including wall structure embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a curved portion of a suspended archembodying the invention and may be considered as an enlarged view of apart of the structure of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is one view (a plan view with horizontal 2;, tubes) of a numberof blocks and securing means in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 4 is a view taken on the line 4 l of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a View taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing a 30* block having angularlydisposed side surfaces;

Fig. '7 shows one example of the application of my invention to avertical wall and is a vertical sectional view;

Fig. 8 is an end view of the structure of Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on the line 99 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a modified form of refractory block;and Fig. 11 is a perspective View of another embodiment of my invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the combustion chamber II] is shown as fired by astoker diagrammatically indicated at i i The combustion chamber mayserve to provide heat for a boiler designated generally at 12. Theinvention, however, is not limited to the particular type of boilerstructure from the drum l6 through the tubes l5 and header M into thetubes 13 and thence forwardly and upwardly to the header I9 and thencethrough the conduits to the main steam generating portion of the boiler.Tubes l3 with attached blocks designated generally at 2| may be termed awater-cooled suspended arch. The tubes may be supported by hangers 22.

Fig. 2 shows the curved part of the arch tubes H and the mode ofconnecting the refractory blocks thereto. In such an arch, the blocksare of refractory material such as fire clay and other suitablenon-metallic heat resistant materials, but it will be understood thatthe invention is not limited to any particular composition of blocks.

In the preferred embodiment, each block is provided with a reartube-receiving recess 23. As here used, the words front and rear referto the fire side and the opposite side respectively of the refractoryblock. The tube receiving recess 23 is formed between projections 24which extend rearwardly from what may be termed the main body portion ofthe block. The projections 24 constitute extensions of the body portionproper of the block and the side surfaces of the block are continuoussurfaces over the side faces of the body portion and the side faces ofthe projections as well so that full contact is obtained betweenadjacent blocks over the entire side surfaces thereof. In the insidelateral surface of each side of the recess 23 is an L-shaped slot 25.The vertical part of the L-shaped slot as shown in Fig. 5 is at the sidesurface of the block. This part of the slot, numbered 25a, may be termedthe entering portion. The horizontal part 25b in Figs. 4 and 5 may betermed the retaining portion. Alternate blocks are placed with theentering portion of the slot on the same side and the intermediateblocks with the entering portion of the slot at the opposite side, sothat the two slots in adjacent blocks come together and form a T-shapedslot. This is clearly shown in Fig. 2 where I have designated one suchcombination of slots with the reference character T. When the blocks areof fire clay or analogous non-metallic material it is desirable to makethe rearwardly extending projections of the full thickness orsubstantially the full thickness of the blocks in order to provide themaximum strength at the place of engagement of the clips, and thearrangement of the slots shown in Fig. 2 is particularly advantageous inthis respect, since by means of this arrangement the entering portionsof the slots in each block may be and preferably are narrower than theclips, as shown in this figure. The comparatively narrow enteringportions of the slots permit the retention of relatively large andstrong lug portions rearwardly of the retaining portions of the slots,while at the same time the narrow entering portions do not interferewith the ready insertion and removal of wide clips because of theside-by-side position of the entering portions of the slots of adjacentblocks.

In order to hold the blocks to the tubes, I provide a bowed piece 26,preferably made of strip metal. Such pieces may be cast or otherwiseformed and they may be stiff or formed with some resiliency. Thesepieces are of such shape that they can be intoduced into the enteringportion 25a of the slot and thence moved laterally in the retainingportion 25b of the slot to the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4, in whichposition they look the blocks to the tubes. It will be seen that theright angle or L-shaped slot is in the nature of a bayonet slot, and theconnection of the blocks with the tubes may be termed a bayonet joint.Preferably, plastic refractory 28 is interposed between the blocks andthe tubes so as to insure good heat transmission from the blocks to thetubes.

Referring to Figs. '7, 8 and 9, an example is illustrated of theapplication of the invention to a vertical water cooled wall. In thiscase the refractory lining is sectionally supported and for purposes ofillustration only a single tier of refractory blocks has been shown. Thevertical water tube 30 has welded thereto a supporting plate 3| forminga shelf for supporting a tier of blocks and on this tier plate thesupporting block 32 rests. On block 32 is a block 33 having rearwardprojections 24 and secured to the tube by structure similar to thatpreviously described. The clips or tie members 26 are inserteddownwardly in the slots 25. Between the several secured blocks 33 of thetier there are inserted unsecured filler blocks 33a and in cases Whereunsecured filler blocks are employed, the edge portion of the slots inthe blocks 33 may be omitted as in the structure shown in Fig. 11, sincethe interposition of filler blocks without rearward projections providesspace for removal of the clips. The provision of the entering portionsof the slots, however, facilitates standardization in manufacture of theblocks.

In the vertical wall structure, as well as in suspended arch structure,I prefer to make the fit between the tubes and the blocks relativelyloose and fill the intervening space with plastic refractory asindicated at 28 in Figs. '7 and 9.

Obviously, the invention lends itself to many specific different typesof construction and support in vertical walls, both of sectionallysupported character and of cumulatively loaded character.

Fig. 10 shows another form of block wherein the slots are cut down oneach side of the inside surface of the extension 24 so that clips may beslipped in from either side of the block.

It will be seen that the structure is simple and inexpensive. Individualblocks may be readily removed and replaced independently of adjacentblocks. Particularly where plastic refractory filling is in use thedimensions are not critical. The tie members can be rigid or they maybe. sprung somewhat when in position in case it is desired to have atight pressure fit between the block and the surface of the member towhich the block is secured. Also, it will be evident that the portions252) at the slots need not be curved to correspond to the curvature oftubes or other members on which the blocks are mounted.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificstructure shown but may be applied to a wide variety of structures.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a hollow tubular member adapted to be protectedfrom heat, of a pair of refractory blocks having rearwardly extendingprojections providing recesses in each of the blocks receiving saidmember and L-shaped slots in the inside lateral surfaces of saidrecesses forming T-shaped slots when the blocks are in operativeposition, and metal clips engaging the retaining portions of opposedslots and bridging said recesses rearwardly of said member to lock theblocks in position.

2. The combination with a hollow tubular member adapted to be protectedfrom heat, of a pair of refractory blocks having rearwardly extendingprojections providing recesses in each of the blocks receiving saidmember and L-shaped slots in the inside lateral surfaces of saidrecesses, said slots comprising retaining portions parallel to thebottoms of the recesses and entering portions at the edges of the.blocks, said blocks being placed with the entering portions of the slotsin abutting relation whereby to form T-shaped slots, and metal clipsengaging the retaining portions of opposed slots and bridging saidrecesses rearwardly of said member to lock the blocks in position, saidclips being separately insertable and removable through the abuttingentering portions of the slots.

3. The combination with a hollow tubular member adapted to be protectedfrom heat, of a pair of refractory blocks having rearwardly extendingprojections providing recesses in each of the blocks receiving saidmember and L-shaped slots in the inside lateral surfaces of saidrecesses, said slots comprising retaining portions parallel to thebottoms of the recesses and entering portions at the edges of theblocks, said blocks being placed with the entering portions of the slotsin abutting relation whereby to form T-shaped slots, and metal clipsengaging the retaining portions of opposed slots and bridging saidrecesses rearwardly of said member to lock the blocks in position, theentering portions of the slots in individual blocks being narrower thansaid clips and the abutting entering portions of adjacent blocksproviding an opening at least as wide as the clips whereby to permitinsertion and removal of the clips.

4. The combination with a metal tube of a non-metallic refractory blockhaving rearward projections providing a recess receiving the tube,L-shaped slots on the inside lateral surfaces of said recess, said slotshaving entering portions at the edge of the block and opposed retainingportions substantially parallel to the bottom of the recess, a metalclip engaging the retaining portions of said slots and bridging saidrecess rearwardly of the tube to lock the tube loosely within therecess, and plastic refractory material between the walls of the recessand the tube.

5. The combination with a metal tube of a pair of non-metallicrefractory blocks having rearward projections providing a recess in eachblock receiving the tube, opposed L-shaped slots on the inside lateralsurfaces of said recesses forming T-shaped slots where the blocks areplaced together in operative position, metal clips engaging the slotsand bridging the recess rearwardly of the tube to lock the tube looselywithin each recess, and plastic refractory material between the walls ofthe recesses and the tube.

6. A non-metallic refractory block having a main body portion andrearwardly extending projections providing between the projections arecess U-shaped in cross section for the reception of a. tubular memberto which the block is to be attached and confronting slots in the insidelateral faces of said projections, said slots being situated outwardlyof the curved bottom portion of said recess and comprising retainingportions parallel to the bottom of the recess and entering portions at aside face of the block, said retaining portions having substantiallygreater extent transversely of the block than the transverse width ofsaid entering portions, whereby to provide retaining surface forengagement with a retaining member of substantially greater width thanthe width of said entering portions and said entering portions at theside face of the block being adapted to register with the enteringportions at the side face of an adjacent similar block to providepassages of sufficient width for the insertion and removal of saidretaining member.

7. A, non-metallic refractory block having a main body portion andrearwardly extending projections providing between the projections arecess U-shaped in cross section for the reception of a tubular memberto which the block is to be attached, said block having side facesformed for full contact of the block with similar adjacent blocks overthe full side face areas of said body portion and said projections, andconfronting L-shaped slots in the inside lateral faces of saidprojections, said slots being situated outwardly of the curved bottomportion of said recess and comprising retaining portions parallel to thebottom of the recess and entering portions at one side face of theblock, said retaining portions having substantially greater extenttransversely of the block than the transverse width of said enteringportions, whereby to provide retaining surface for engagement with aretaining member of substantially greater width than the width of saidentering portions and said L-shaped slots being adapted to register withsimilar L-shaped slots in an adjacent block to form T-shaped slotshaving branches for the insertion and removal of retaining members ofgreater width than the width of the entering portions of the L-shapedslots.

ANDREW S. BARKER.

